Fig. 5
From: Comparing negative emissions and high renewable scenarios for the European power system
Disaggregated total system costs and electricity costs. a, Represents disaggregated total system costs (top) and carbon-related costs (bottom). For further data on total system costs see Methods. b, Represents the electricity cost per MWh delivered to the consumer across the year. These costs are effectively the total power system costs plus carbon-related costs relative to power consumed without any discounting included. c, Highlights total system cost change via error bars when applying a ± 20% cost sensitivity on various aspects of the system